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Communication

The BookWorm application implements multiple communication patterns to support both synchronous and asynchronous interactions between microservices.

Communication Patterns​

Synchronous Communication​

HTTP/REST APIs​

  • RESTful Services - Standard HTTP methods for resource operations
  • OpenAPI Specification - Automated API documentation and client generation
  • Content Negotiation - Support for JSON and other media types
  • Versioning - API versioning strategy using Asp.Versioning

gRPC Services​

  • High-Performance RPC - Binary protocol for efficient service-to-service communication
  • Health Checks - Built-in gRPC health check protocol
  • Client Factory - Managed gRPC client creation and lifecycle
  • Interceptors - Cross-cutting concerns like authentication and logging

Asynchronous Communication​

Message Bus (MassTransit + RabbitMQ)​

  • Integration Events - Domain events for cross-service communication
  • Event Dispatching - Reliable message delivery and processing
  • Message Patterns - Support for publish/subscribe, request/response, and saga patterns
  • Dead Letter Handling - Automatic retry and error handling mechanisms

Service Discovery​

Aspire Service Discovery​

  • Automatic Registration - Services automatically register with discovery service
  • Load Balancing - Built-in load balancing for service instances
  • Health-Aware Routing - Traffic routing based on service health status
  • Configuration-Based Discovery - Service endpoints configured through Aspire hosting

HTTP Client Configuration​

Resilience Patterns​

  • Microsoft.Extensions.Http.Resilience - Built-in retry, circuit breaker, and timeout policies
  • Polly Integration - Advanced resilience patterns for fault tolerance
  • Exponential Backoff - Intelligent retry strategies with jitter
  • Circuit Breaker - Prevents cascading failures in distributed systems

Client Factories​

  • Refit Integration - Type-safe HTTP client generation from interfaces
  • Named Clients - Configured HTTP clients for different services
  • Dependency Injection - Managed client lifecycle and configuration
  • Middleware Pipeline - Custom handlers for authentication, logging, and metrics

API Gateway Pattern​

Reverse Proxy​

  • Request Routing - Route requests to appropriate microservices
  • Load Balancing - Distribute load across service instances
  • SSL Termination - Centralized TLS/SSL certificate management
  • Rate Limiting - Protect backend services from overload

Cross-Cutting Concerns​

  • Authentication - Centralized authentication and token validation
  • Logging - Request/response logging and correlation
  • Metrics Collection - API usage and performance metrics
  • Error Handling - Consistent error response format

Security​

Transport Security​

  • TLS/HTTPS - Encrypted communication between services
  • Certificate Management - Automated certificate provisioning and renewal
  • mTLS - Mutual TLS for service-to-service authentication

Authentication & Authorization​

  • JWT Tokens - Bearer token-based authentication
  • OAuth 2.0/OIDC - Industry-standard authentication protocols
  • Claims-Based Authorization - Fine-grained access control
  • API Keys - Service-to-service authentication for internal APIs